{"id":53,"date":"2025-08-13T08:12:48","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T08:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tl2espassel2.me\/?p=53"},"modified":"2025-08-13T08:40:22","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T08:40:22","slug":"%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%db%8c%d8%a7-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tl2espassel2.me\/?p=53","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0642\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 330 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u062e\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0634 \u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0645 (Byzantium) \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0633 (Constantinopolis) \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647. \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646 . <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0635\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0634 \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 476 \u0627\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0622\u06a9\u0631 (Odoacer)<\/a> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0698\u0631\u0645\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0622\u06af\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u0641\u0634 \u062e\u0644\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647. \u0627\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0622\u06a9\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 476 \u0645\u06cc\u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u062a\u0648 \u0642\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0622\u06a9\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0634 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06a9 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0648 (emperor zeno) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0647 \u0631\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0646. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0644 1557 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e \u0698\u0631\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0641 (Hieronymus Wolf<\/strong>) \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 “\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633” \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631 Corpus Historiae Byzantinae<\/em> \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u00ab\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06f4\u06f7\u06f6 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a .\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 476 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0645 \u062f\u0631 4 \u0633\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 476 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647. \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc 1453 \u0642\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0645 \u0631\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0646\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u060c\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0698\u0631\u0645\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0645 \u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0646\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0645 (Byzantium)<\/strong> \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0633<\/strong> \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f5\u06f3\u060c \u06a9\u0645\u200c\u06a9\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 “\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633” \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a. \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648 “\u0631\u0648\u0645\u06cc” \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc. \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u2014\u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":69,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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